The International Telecommunication Union Internet treaty talks began
in Dubai Dec. 3 amid fears some members will push for the authority to
control the flow of information on the Web.
Government regulators from 193 countries are taking part in the World
Conference on International Telecommunications (Wcit) hosted by the
ITU, a United Nations organization that oversees international
communication policy.
Google has said the proposed changes to the treaty threaten freedom of speech. The search engine has launched a campaign
imploring its users to “support a free and open Internet” while the
European Union has declared the ITU is not the suitable organization to
have “regulatory authority” of the Internet.
Terry Kramer, the U.S. ambassador to Wcit, has also expressed concern.
The ITU, however, maintains changes to the treaty are not about
censorship, but about changing infrastructure to grant as many people as
possible access to the Internet.
One item on the agenda is the review of proposals to restore the
International Telecommunications Regulations treaty, which hasn’t been
updated since 1988. Some of the possible modifications would hand the
ITU the muscle to control the flow of information, which would then give
the organization the power to censor speech or obstruct the release of
public information.
Kramer, late last week, described a number of proposals for the treaty as “alarming.”
“There have been active recommendations that there be an invasive
approach of governments in managing the internet, in managing the
content that goes via the Internet, what people are looking at, what
they’re saying, et cetera,” he said during an on-the-record briefing.
“These fundamentally violate everything that we believe in in terms
of democracy and opportunities for individuals, and we’re going to
vigorously oppose any proposals of that nature.”
Kramer said a number of the proposed changes would force Internet providers to pay to have traffic delivered abroad.
“If you can think about the implications of this, today much of what
we get via the Internet is free,” he said. “In these models, there would
now be a paid model. And many of the organizations that send content
are non-profit organizations, they’re universities that provide free
online courses, they’re organizations like the Khan Academy that provide
YouTube clips for free online education for young people.”
He said the U.S. would not support changes that would enforce payment for Internet traffic.
Kramer said better cyber security is necessary to protect users from
malware and hackers and while many of the proposed treaty changes touch
on that, they also “open the door for content censorship, for routing of
traffic, and the ability of governments to control what’s happening on
those networks.”
Google has expressed similar concerns.
“Only governments have a voice at the ITU,” Google said. “This
includes governments that do not support a free and open Internet.
Engineers, companies, and people that build and use the Web have no
vote. The ITU is also secretive. The treaty conference and proposals are
confidential.”
Kramer has said the ITU is not the problem. Rather, it is some of the member nations.
“At the end of the day, the ITU is reflecting positions that
different member nations are taking. And so some of the proposals,
candidly, that have come out of the nondemocratic nations, to me is the
most worrisome issue.”
Kramer described Canada, Central and South America, Europe,
Australia, New Zealand and some Asian countries such as Japan as “good
partners” in opposing questionable treaty changes.
Russia, however, has proposed IPN networks be placed under UN control, a move the U.S. and its partners oppose.
“Out of all the proposals that have come in, the Russian one candidly
is the most shocking and most disappointing in terms of achieving the
success that we are seeking globally,” he said. “It would basically move
to governments the right to route traffic, to review content, and say
that’s all a completely national matter — an extremely important
precedent it would set for opening the doors, again, to more
censorship.”
The Russian proposal, which is focused on Internet governance, is
unlikely to get far, however, if Dr. Hamadoun Toure, secretary-general
of the UN’s International Telecommunications Union, has his way.
Toure has said the ITU will not focus on Internet governance at the conference.
Other countries proposing the “alarming” changes Kramer referred to are some African countries, some Arab states and India.
Post from: SiteProNews
Showing posts with label News. Show all posts
Showing posts with label News. Show all posts
Google Authorship May Soon be Automatic
Don’t hold your breath, but Google seems to be connecting the pieces
of the authorship puzzle – one social network at a time. I stumbled upon
an interesting Search Engine Roundtable article today that indicated this may be the case based upon an example in the SERPs.
The guy that made the discovery first alerted others by way of a Webmaster World forum post. The member, sunnyujjawal, started the thread to alert fellow forum members that Pinterest URLs were displaying
author thumbnails in search results via Google+, and they were not showing up because the author used Google Authorship markup. This promises a range of implications for webmasters.
The Initial Findings
Here’s the original post that sparked all the interest:
“Till now we have heard G+ authorship for personal sites only with email or authorship verification but today I found a Pinterest search result with verified Google Plus authorship photo.
“But I didn’t find any verified URL in this G+ profile even then it’s author pic is in search results.”
Below is the screenshot of what he’s talking about:
Image 1:
![]()
The comments on the thread were chock-full of people who really did their homework. Users researched where Nil Gajjar showed up, where he didn’t, and where his content lived on the Web. One member noted this could be proof of the benefits of having a unique, recognizable name that stays consistent across many different online social networks.
Users discovered that Gajjar is active in more than 20 different social networks and he uses the same name across them all. Although he didn’t set up Google authorship, he links to all his networks in each social profile he sets up – Pinterest in particular – in order to create a very clear roadmap. If you’re a big believer in context clues, you’re in good company. Looks like Big G is, too – and G was certain enough of Gajjar’s identity and trustworthiness to display his picture beside his content without him ever going through the process of setting up authorship.
This doesn’t mean that you should not set up Google authorship, however. At this stage of the game, it would be incredibly beneficial for you to do so. This is especially true given Google’s new emphasis on Author Rank to determine websites’ placement in the SERPs.
Rather, this is proof that Google is shifting focus to your reputation in the online community to determine where to place your content. If you play it right, you can occupy top spots and dominate your niche without spending hours in front of Market Samurai digging for keywords to get there. Let’s look at some further proof of this shift that surfaced in related news recently.
Google’s Authorship Patent Update
Interestingly, the U.S. Patent Office just released an updated version of Google’s Authorship patent on Oct. 18. Google calls this patent Authentication of a Contributor of Online Content No. 20120265755, and it’s worth a read if you have lots of time to kill and a very patient disposition.
If you don’t, that’s OK. On Google+, Brian Ussery of SEO Consultants explains what changed within the patent’s wording:
Image 2:
![]()
So, what does this language boil down to? In a nutshell, Google is ranking content based in part on reputation scores derived from reviews and “status levels” of the authors who publish it. This is even more of a reason to be well known (and well liked) in your niche.
The New Face of Search
But wait, there’s more! If the updated patent isn’t proof enough for you that Google Authorship is the ranking factor of the future, then consider Andre Weyher. He’s an ex-Google employee that worked alongside Matt Cutts fighting webspam for the better part of two years. Weyher recently opened up about Google’s inner workings in an exclusive interview with JamesNorquay.com.
In the piece, Weyher discussed Google’s new turn toward individual authors and the new era of ranking:
“Offsite link building has dramatically changed since the recent updates. Anything that you can do automatically or at scale puts your website at risk. So keep the following in mind; Link building has changed from an almost purely technical process into something that resembles a relationship management campaign. Building a network with owners of sites that are related to yours, for example.”
This explains why Google may be attempting to place authors next to content without said authors ever completing the process of setting up authorship. The search giant is trying to move away from displaying search results based on query relevance alone. Those days have long since passed. Now, it’s all about how much others trust your content and how well known you are in your niche. Do people share what you like? Do they rate it well? Do they link to it often?
If you can answer yes to all these questions, then you’re definitely doing something right. Getting to know your peers is the key to success in the SERPs.
Some other things to help you succeed:
Nell Terry Post from: SiteProNews
The guy that made the discovery first alerted others by way of a Webmaster World forum post. The member, sunnyujjawal, started the thread to alert fellow forum members that Pinterest URLs were displaying
author thumbnails in search results via Google+, and they were not showing up because the author used Google Authorship markup. This promises a range of implications for webmasters.
The Initial Findings
Here’s the original post that sparked all the interest:
“Till now we have heard G+ authorship for personal sites only with email or authorship verification but today I found a Pinterest search result with verified Google Plus authorship photo.
“But I didn’t find any verified URL in this G+ profile even then it’s author pic is in search results.”
Below is the screenshot of what he’s talking about:
Image 1:
The comments on the thread were chock-full of people who really did their homework. Users researched where Nil Gajjar showed up, where he didn’t, and where his content lived on the Web. One member noted this could be proof of the benefits of having a unique, recognizable name that stays consistent across many different online social networks.
Users discovered that Gajjar is active in more than 20 different social networks and he uses the same name across them all. Although he didn’t set up Google authorship, he links to all his networks in each social profile he sets up – Pinterest in particular – in order to create a very clear roadmap. If you’re a big believer in context clues, you’re in good company. Looks like Big G is, too – and G was certain enough of Gajjar’s identity and trustworthiness to display his picture beside his content without him ever going through the process of setting up authorship.
This doesn’t mean that you should not set up Google authorship, however. At this stage of the game, it would be incredibly beneficial for you to do so. This is especially true given Google’s new emphasis on Author Rank to determine websites’ placement in the SERPs.
Rather, this is proof that Google is shifting focus to your reputation in the online community to determine where to place your content. If you play it right, you can occupy top spots and dominate your niche without spending hours in front of Market Samurai digging for keywords to get there. Let’s look at some further proof of this shift that surfaced in related news recently.
Google’s Authorship Patent Update
Interestingly, the U.S. Patent Office just released an updated version of Google’s Authorship patent on Oct. 18. Google calls this patent Authentication of a Contributor of Online Content No. 20120265755, and it’s worth a read if you have lots of time to kill and a very patient disposition.
If you don’t, that’s OK. On Google+, Brian Ussery of SEO Consultants explains what changed within the patent’s wording:
Image 2:
So, what does this language boil down to? In a nutshell, Google is ranking content based in part on reputation scores derived from reviews and “status levels” of the authors who publish it. This is even more of a reason to be well known (and well liked) in your niche.
The New Face of Search
But wait, there’s more! If the updated patent isn’t proof enough for you that Google Authorship is the ranking factor of the future, then consider Andre Weyher. He’s an ex-Google employee that worked alongside Matt Cutts fighting webspam for the better part of two years. Weyher recently opened up about Google’s inner workings in an exclusive interview with JamesNorquay.com.
In the piece, Weyher discussed Google’s new turn toward individual authors and the new era of ranking:
“Offsite link building has dramatically changed since the recent updates. Anything that you can do automatically or at scale puts your website at risk. So keep the following in mind; Link building has changed from an almost purely technical process into something that resembles a relationship management campaign. Building a network with owners of sites that are related to yours, for example.”
This explains why Google may be attempting to place authors next to content without said authors ever completing the process of setting up authorship. The search giant is trying to move away from displaying search results based on query relevance alone. Those days have long since passed. Now, it’s all about how much others trust your content and how well known you are in your niche. Do people share what you like? Do they rate it well? Do they link to it often?
If you can answer yes to all these questions, then you’re definitely doing something right. Getting to know your peers is the key to success in the SERPs.
Some other things to help you succeed:
- Reach out to – and link to – the big names in your niche often.
- Comment on other blogs and forums in your industry and work to get your name out there.
- Adopt a rigorous guest posting routine to get your content in front of as many eyes as possible.
- Set up Google authorship immediately.
- Set up social network profiles using the same name and unify your online presence.
Nell Terry Post from: SiteProNews
Kids With Electronic Devices in the Bedroom Are More Likely to Be Obese
If your kid spends too much time staring at a TV or another electronic device at night, he's more likely to be obese and suffer from other health issues.
In what might be the first study
that connects the dots between sleep, diet and physical activity among
kids, Canadian researchers have found that adding just one hour of extra
sleep decreases the chances of being overweight or obese by around 30%.
“If you want your kids to sleep better and live a healthier lifestyle, get the technology out of the bedroom,” said Paul Veugelers, a professor in the School of Public Health at the University of Alberta in Canada, and a co-author of the paper.
The scientists surveyed around 3,400 students
in fifth grade (ages 9 to 11) and found that half of them had at least
one electronic device in their bedrooms. Those were 1.47 times more
likely to be overweight than kids with no device in their bedrooms.
To find out more about this
study, watch the video above. What do you think of this study? Does your
kid have access to electronic devices in his or her bedroom? Tell us
what you think in the comments.
This story originally published on Mashable here.
Facebook Hopes Users Will Pay to Promote Posts
Want more attention for your Facebook posts? Open your wallet.
Facebook’s new “Promote” feature, released Oct. 3 to a small group in the U.S., allows users to pay Facebook to promote important pictures or announcements.
Those with access to the feature say a promoted post typically costs around $7, CNN reported.
According to the story, that price tag is part of the experiment: A company spokeswoman said that Facebook is “considering a variety of prices.”
“Every day, news feed delivers your posts to your friends. Sometimes a particular friend might not notice your post, especially if a lot of their friends have been posting recently and your story isn’t near the top of their feed,” a Facebook blog post reads. “When you promote a post — whether it’s wedding photos, a garage sale, or big news — you bump it higher in news feed so your friends and subscribers are more likely to notice it.”
The feature was first tested out in New Zealand in May, then expanded to a limited number of users in 20 countries.
Facebook has not released how many U.S. users have access to the Promote option, saying only that it’s a “limited subset” of the social media site’s 166 million American users. Currently, only those with less than 5,000 friends and subscribers have been granted access.
Facebook’s new “Promote” feature, released Oct. 3 to a small group in the U.S., allows users to pay Facebook to promote important pictures or announcements.
Those with access to the feature say a promoted post typically costs around $7, CNN reported.
According to the story, that price tag is part of the experiment: A company spokeswoman said that Facebook is “considering a variety of prices.”
“Every day, news feed delivers your posts to your friends. Sometimes a particular friend might not notice your post, especially if a lot of their friends have been posting recently and your story isn’t near the top of their feed,” a Facebook blog post reads. “When you promote a post — whether it’s wedding photos, a garage sale, or big news — you bump it higher in news feed so your friends and subscribers are more likely to notice it.”
The feature was first tested out in New Zealand in May, then expanded to a limited number of users in 20 countries.
Facebook has not released how many U.S. users have access to the Promote option, saying only that it’s a “limited subset” of the social media site’s 166 million American users. Currently, only those with less than 5,000 friends and subscribers have been granted access.
MoveEye to Allow Users to Interact With TV
Tarsier, Inc. is hoping TV viewers will soon be throwing away their remotes in favor of MoveEye.
The company, which unveiled its gesture recognition technology at a conference this week, is calling MoveEye both unique and precise.
MoveEye, which uses a special pair of glasses and a media box to run the software, allows for “efficient hand gesture interaction” with TVs or large screen computers. The glasses have a built-in stereoscopic pair of cameras aimed at the screen, sensors to identify your eye movements and Wi-Fi to talk to the media box.
MoveEye offers “non-relative” computing; meaning you can use your hands to interact with objects exactly where you see them on screen, without the need for a cursor, the company said in a press release.
“I know it’s been said before, but with what we’ve accomplished over the last few years, we can fully expect Minority Report like interaction by the time this product hits shelves in 2014,” said Axel Chevaillier, Cofounder at Tarsier.
The first edition of MoveEye will be two-dimensional. Tarsier will later add 3D capability.
According to a report by Macworld, Tarsier is planning to have the 2D system on the market in November 2014 with a $300 price tag. The 3D system would come out in 2015.
The company, which unveiled its gesture recognition technology at a conference this week, is calling MoveEye both unique and precise.
MoveEye, which uses a special pair of glasses and a media box to run the software, allows for “efficient hand gesture interaction” with TVs or large screen computers. The glasses have a built-in stereoscopic pair of cameras aimed at the screen, sensors to identify your eye movements and Wi-Fi to talk to the media box.
MoveEye offers “non-relative” computing; meaning you can use your hands to interact with objects exactly where you see them on screen, without the need for a cursor, the company said in a press release.
“I know it’s been said before, but with what we’ve accomplished over the last few years, we can fully expect Minority Report like interaction by the time this product hits shelves in 2014,” said Axel Chevaillier, Cofounder at Tarsier.
The first edition of MoveEye will be two-dimensional. Tarsier will later add 3D capability.
According to a report by Macworld, Tarsier is planning to have the 2D system on the market in November 2014 with a $300 price tag. The 3D system would come out in 2015.
Google Beats Out Facebook, Yahoo
Google is back on top this year, with $2.31 billion in U.S. display
ad profits for 15.4 percent market share, eMarketer estimates.
Google was vanquished by Facebook in 2011. Google took home $1.67 billion last year grabbing 13.5 percent of the market. Facebook garnered $1.73 billion in revenue for 14.1 percent share that year.
Facebook is expected to make $2.16 billion from U.S. display ad sales to place second this year, said eMarketer.
Yahoo, the one-time display ad leader in the U.S., is back in the No. 3 spot. Yahoo, which held 14 percent share and the number one spot in 2010, fell to third place last year. The media company will once again finish third with $1.39 billion in revenue and 9.3 percent of a total U.S. display ad market that grew by 21.5 percent to $14.98 billion.
Microsoft Releasing Security Fix
An update is available today (Sept. 21) for Internet Explorer users.
Microsoft is releasing an update for its browser to fix a security problem that could leave computers vulnerable to hackers.
Microsoft Corp. had a temporary patch for the security issue on its website Sept. 19.
The permanent fix for the problem will be installed automatically on PCs running Microsoft’s Windows operating system, but only if the computer has been set to receive updates.
The company is advising IE users to ensure their machines are set up for automatic updates so the permanent patch can be installed as soon as it is released.
A German government agency supervising IT-safety announced the security risk Sept. 17 and cautioned Internet Explorer users against using the browser until Microsoft fixed the problem.
Facebook Lawsuits Likely to be Heard in NY
Facebook Inc. and its investors’ can agree on one thing: the Big Apple is the where their courtroom battles should take place.
Attorneys for both Facebook and the shareholders suing the social network, asked a judicial panel Sept. 20 to group the myriad of lawsuits together to be heard in a Manhattan federal court.
The Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation has yet to make a ruling on the request, but did not question the suggestion of hearing the cases in New York, according to a Reuters report.
Investors sued Facebook after a flawed preliminary public offering May 18. Technical glitches at the NASDAQ exchange and allegations the company deliberately divulged unfavorable information about its business prospects to privileged investors is at issue. Facebook’s stock plunged as much as 50 percent after it was introduced at $38 per share.
In at least 33 of the suits seeking class action status, investors have asked courts to hold the company and its underwriters responsible for causing their losses, Reuters reported.
Facebook, however, maintains it did not break any rules, adding NASDAQ is to blame for trading glitches on the day of the offering, the story said.
Google Updates DoubleClick
Google’s DoubleClick platform, that automates and streamlines workflow processes, continues to be updated by the company.
Google will introduce new version of DoubleClick Bid Manager in October. Built with the resources of the Invite Media demand-side platform Google obtained two years ago, the platform should lend marketers about 16 percent more inventory because it reduces the latency that can occur when connecting with other exchanges.
Google also upgraded DoubleClick Studio to enhance workflow between media and creative agencies. Nearly 80 percent of creative agencies using DoubleClick Studio have already moved to the new version, which, the company says, offers a more responsive user interface.
Post from: SiteProNews
Google was vanquished by Facebook in 2011. Google took home $1.67 billion last year grabbing 13.5 percent of the market. Facebook garnered $1.73 billion in revenue for 14.1 percent share that year.
Facebook is expected to make $2.16 billion from U.S. display ad sales to place second this year, said eMarketer.
Yahoo, the one-time display ad leader in the U.S., is back in the No. 3 spot. Yahoo, which held 14 percent share and the number one spot in 2010, fell to third place last year. The media company will once again finish third with $1.39 billion in revenue and 9.3 percent of a total U.S. display ad market that grew by 21.5 percent to $14.98 billion.
Microsoft Releasing Security Fix
An update is available today (Sept. 21) for Internet Explorer users.
Microsoft is releasing an update for its browser to fix a security problem that could leave computers vulnerable to hackers.
Microsoft Corp. had a temporary patch for the security issue on its website Sept. 19.
The permanent fix for the problem will be installed automatically on PCs running Microsoft’s Windows operating system, but only if the computer has been set to receive updates.
The company is advising IE users to ensure their machines are set up for automatic updates so the permanent patch can be installed as soon as it is released.
A German government agency supervising IT-safety announced the security risk Sept. 17 and cautioned Internet Explorer users against using the browser until Microsoft fixed the problem.
Facebook Lawsuits Likely to be Heard in NY
Facebook Inc. and its investors’ can agree on one thing: the Big Apple is the where their courtroom battles should take place.
Attorneys for both Facebook and the shareholders suing the social network, asked a judicial panel Sept. 20 to group the myriad of lawsuits together to be heard in a Manhattan federal court.
The Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation has yet to make a ruling on the request, but did not question the suggestion of hearing the cases in New York, according to a Reuters report.
Investors sued Facebook after a flawed preliminary public offering May 18. Technical glitches at the NASDAQ exchange and allegations the company deliberately divulged unfavorable information about its business prospects to privileged investors is at issue. Facebook’s stock plunged as much as 50 percent after it was introduced at $38 per share.
In at least 33 of the suits seeking class action status, investors have asked courts to hold the company and its underwriters responsible for causing their losses, Reuters reported.
Facebook, however, maintains it did not break any rules, adding NASDAQ is to blame for trading glitches on the day of the offering, the story said.
Google Updates DoubleClick
Google’s DoubleClick platform, that automates and streamlines workflow processes, continues to be updated by the company.
Google will introduce new version of DoubleClick Bid Manager in October. Built with the resources of the Invite Media demand-side platform Google obtained two years ago, the platform should lend marketers about 16 percent more inventory because it reduces the latency that can occur when connecting with other exchanges.
Google also upgraded DoubleClick Studio to enhance workflow between media and creative agencies. Nearly 80 percent of creative agencies using DoubleClick Studio have already moved to the new version, which, the company says, offers a more responsive user interface.
Post from: SiteProNews
10 Things To Know About Robot Teachers
If you’re an online college student,
you’re used to telecommunicating with professors and classmates via all
types of technology. But what if the instructor you worked with wasn’t
even human? Robot teachers are being tested by engineers and scientists
around the world and are already being used in many classrooms in Korea
and Japan. What could be coming to a classroom — or online portal — near
you? Here are 10 things to know about robot teachers.
- They’re human-like: Besides physically resembling a pleasant-looking human being — the Tokyo University of Science-created robot has a chic haircut and pink lipstick — robot teachers can express human emotions through subtle facial movements. The Tokyo "teacher" can express surprise, fear, disgust, anger, happiness and sadness.
- They’re especially effective with small children: Robot teachers have tested well with children and the elderly, and have even made some small children cry after they’ve been reprimanded by the robot teacher. Generally, Korean scientists are focusing their robots on educating young children, while Japanese engineers prefer to use robots to help the elderly.
- Robot teachers are being tested on toddlers and preschoolers: Still in the testing stage, robots are practicing their teaching skills on society’s youngest. Scientists are monitoring how robots can share their skills and how toddlers and preschoolers respond to lessons in vocabulary, singing songs, and learning colors.
- Robots act as a liaison between parents and the classroom: Through a network called telepresence, parents can use the robot teachers or teacher’s assistants to check on their kids in class through telecommunication. Students would have more access to special guest speakers through this technology as well.
- Robots are already used for teaching English: Many Korean schools use young Americans to teach English classes, but now robot teachers are taking over. According to PlasticPals.com, some robots use speech recognition software, and other robots use telepresence technology, connecting English-language teachers from far away to students in Korean classrooms.
- They encourage self-paced learning: Robots that operate via telepresence allow students to work at their own pace without too much pressure from hovering teachers who are present in the classroom or who have to keep up with students who pick up on skills and concepts faster.
- Their interaction skills haven’t been perfected
Have you ever been frustrated with a recorded operator when you try to
call your bank? Scientists still haven’t perfected teacher robots’
ability to interact with students or even accurately understand what
they’re saying. If the robot can’t understand, for example, students
will be interrupted with a harsh "Sorry, I didn’t catch that," message
until the robot can process it. Through facial recognition software,
however, scientists believe that there is potential
for more accurate, personalized interaction. When a robot processes a students’ facial expressions, it can immediately respond with its own facial reactions too. - Instant feedback: Robots that use speech recognition software can give instant feedback to language students, according to PlasticPals.com. For pronunciation lessons in English classes in Korea, the robots score students from 1 to 5 each time they practice a word or phrase, displaying their score on a screen attached to the robot. This method gives students instant feedback and the opportunity to keep practicing until they get it right.
- Korea has serious plans to implement robot teachers: Through its progressive "R-Learning" program, Korea has pledged to add robots to some 400 preschools by the year 2012. The robots will serve as teaching assistants, not full-fledged instructors, and help to do roll call, tell stories, sing songs and perform other basic, pre-programmed tasks.
- They’re not meant to replace human teachers: While some scientists hope that robot teachers may help with the teacher shortage, they’re not meant to fully take over the instructor’s role in the classroom, or as a mentor. In a report by MSNBC, the developer of the Japanese robot, Hiroshi Kobayashi, maintained that Saya "has no intelligence. It has no ability to learn. It has no identity…It is just a tool."
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